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According to the Bank of Spain, rates on corporate deposit accounts increased from 0.03% in July 2022 to 0.46% in August 2023. Over that same timeframe, the average rate on term deposits from corporations increased from 0.60% to 2.67%. As for bank accounts for households, the rate offered on sight deposits increased from 0.01% to 0.12% during that period, increasing from 0.04% to 1.37% on term deposits. Assessing deposit pass through at the EU level, the European Central Bank’s statistics reveal that remuneration on deposit accounts in Spain averaged 2.31% in August, compared to 3.03% on average in the eurozone. That gap is partly the result of a different financial reality for the Spanish financial institutions. The Spanish banks reinforced their liquidity buffers significantly in the wake of the financial crisis. Thus, their initial failure to pass the ECB rate increases on to deposit rates to a greater extent (a phenomenon we are witnessing at present) reflects, at least in part, the abundance of liquidity held by the Spanish banks that was provided by the ECB itself, curtailing the incentive to compete for deposits. That said, the deposit pass through already underway is set to intensify further in the coming months as the ECB continues to mop up liquidity, including through the unwinding of TLTROs.